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Table 2 - Results summary
• emission target for existing plants: NOx 200 consumptions associated to the additional pressu-
mg/Nm3; SOx 200 mg/Nm3 (or 96% reduc- re drop of the new flue gas treatment units on the
tion); PM: 20 mg/Nm3 (or 99.95% reduction); flue gas path. The cost information is presented as
Total Plant Cost (TPC = D&E cost) and Total Capital
• 2015 costs, ±40% accuracy level; Requirement (TCR = TPC + interest during con-
• discount rate: 8% (constant money values); struction, spare parts cost, working capital, start-
• financial leverage: 100% debt; up costs and owner’s costs).
• operating life: 25 years; The Levelised Cost of Electricity (LCOE) is used
• capacity factor: 80%; to evaluate the economic profitability of the in-
• lignite price: 2.0 $/GJ LHV basis; vestment. LCOE in this paper is calculated assu-
• hard coal price: 2.6 $/GJ LHV basis; ming constant (in real terms) prices for fuel and
• carbon tax: 0 €/t. other costs and constant operating capacity fac-
tors throughout the plant lifetime.
A summary of the impact on the technical and eco- The capital and operating costs required for re-
nomic performance of the study cases is given in trofitting power plants in Poland and in Turkey, in
table 2. The base case plant net power output is order to comply with the European Environmental
150 MWe both for lignite and hard coal feedstock, Directive (IED), results in the increase of the LCOE
while the retrofitted cases are evaluated conside- (shown in table 3).
ring the same coal thermal input. Breakdown of the levelised cost of electricity is
In the retrofitted cases the NPO (Net Power Output) given in figures 9 and figure 10, respectively for
is slightly reduced due to the increased auxiliary
Impiantistica Italiana - Settembre-Ottobre 2016 53
