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example coal instead of natural gas or • reduction of the use of primary energy from fuels;
natural gas supplied at lower cost); • reduction of kWh cost and price;
- IPP of the second area could also have • reduction of the country pollution.
a production cost similar to the first area, A not economic operation of the power plants
but it is compelled to sell its power due to can produce a significant increase of the use in a
company policies; country of primary energy. The energy saving of
- the first area has a relatively high-cost one country is depending from the characteristics
generation as compared to a second low- of the country power sector, but in case of an
cost generation area, but the first area is adequate economic operation this saving could
not interested to accept the power from increase offering adequate space to a correct role
the second area. of renewables.

Fig. 5 - This figure offers an Today the set up day by day of the grid economics 7.2 Electricity prices from 2000
idea of how the electricity is becoming more complex, because the grid to 2013
structure is becoming day by operator must take in due consideration that the
day more complex renewables sources generally enjoy dispatch priority Electric technologies and computer-based
(a priority of selling electricity) to the grid, but being technologies are the primary sources of economic
intermittent sources are not easy to be integrated growth and innovative advancement. For this
into generation mix. Figure 5 indicates how will be reason electricity prices are very important in the
set up the future grid including renewable sources framework of the economy growth of all countries.
and energy storage. Not only is electricity the main energy commodity,
It is evident that an economic operation of all power but is the dominant good commodity in the
plants of one country coordinated by a single marketplace of quite all industrialized countries.
vertical integrated utility could have the following The technologies using kWh play such a critical
advantages:

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