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the result of a potential benefit for a modular ap- An industry-standard modularisation tool, “CII
proach versus stick-built as explained below. Strategic Decision Tool for PPMOF (Prefabrication,
Preassembly, Modularisation, and Off-site Fabrica-
The review consisted of high level questions in the tion)”, was used to support the decision to modu-
following areas: larise by facilitating a systematic thought process
SCHEDULE and providing a conceptual framework for decision
• Are there significant constraints or require- making. Although partially subjective in nature, the
ments for the project schedule? Answer: tool is designed to assist in making good, judge-
YES ment-based decisions and provides a spectrum of
potential implementation choices rather than an
LABOUR “all or nothing” decision.
• Is there a lack of local labour available in the
project area? Answer: MAYBE The key drivers more relevant to our analysis are
here listed.
SAFETY SCHEDULE
• Is there an opportunity to decrease safety • accelerated schedules, planned turnarounds,
risks by using Modularisation? Answer: YES gates for business decisions, early start-up
benefits, timing for permitting, limitations rela-
ENVIRONMENTAL AND REGULATORY ted to shipping and transportation, long lead-
• Are there significant environmental, legal and/ time materials.
or regulatory considerations that may con-
strain the project? Answer: YES COST
• project cost, project cash flows, specific eco-
LOCAL CONTENT nomic factors.
• Are there significant local content require-
ments, which may not be satisfied by a mo- LABOUR
dular concept? Answer: NO • productivity, overall and peak of resources,
geographical availability of resources, need
SITE ATTRIBUTES for skilled labour, need for licenses for craft
• Are there significant site attributes such as workers, labour issues, labour cost.
extreme weather or lack of infrastructure that
may impact project performance? Answer: SAFETY
MAYBE • site or regional hazards, ongoing facility ope-
rations, on-site labour density, working at
SITE ACCESS height, confined spaces, safety plans requi-
• Do available routes and lifting paths allow rements, heavy lifts, regulatory requirements.
using modules with the dimensions set by
trailer, rail, or barge shipment? Answer: YES SITE ATTRIBUTES
• weather conditions at the site, environmental
The outcome from the review suggested that there restrictions, local infrastructure, lay-down and
was merit in considering modularisation. staging areas, access onto and on site, remo-
te locations infrastructure.

Stage 2 – Module screening study MECHANICAL SYSTEMS
The module screening study is focussed at the • density and congestion of mechanical, elec-
modularisation of the plant units and at the infra- trical and instrument equipment and bulk,
structure elements of the project. This stage is per- maintenance requirements, size of equipment
formed when sufficient details are available to carry and systems, need for alloy and exotic wel-
out the analysis described below of key drivers re- ding, assembly methods and requirements.
levant to us in the decision making.
The driving force for the module screening study PROJECT AND CONTRACT TYPES
was a market investigation conducted with the po- • protection of proprietary technology and infor-
tential HRSG bidders to assess their execution ca- mation, project goals, supplier/contractor fle-
pabilities for full modularisation. The result was that xibility to provide a facility that meets owner’s
three HRSG manufacturers had the capability to performance requirements.
design, supply and pre-assemble at a third-party
yard. DESIGN
The above outcome triggered the opportunity to • requirement for early “freezing” of design, staf-
consider modularisation of other elements of the fing plan, availability of 3D CAD, infrastructure
plant, such as pipe racks, substation and other (hardware & software) for communications.
equipment.

Impiantistica Italiana - Settembre-Ottobre 2017 17