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PRIMARY ENERGY

od, on the one hand, as the gas prices deregula-
tion for Gazprom and, on the other, - as a gradual
weakening of gas export monopoly regime for the
independent gas producers.
Regulated gas share has drastically been reduced
as a result of:
• Launch of the Gas Exchange (the gas tra-

ding platform on the St. Petersburg Mercan-
tile Exchange) was established in 2014 where
both Gazprom and third parties could trade
gas at unregulated prices; previously of 10%
of total supplies for the domestic market (35
bcm). Exchange trading is expected to disco-
ver a “market price” for gas on the Russian
domestic market, based on supply and;
• Gazprom has got the right to sell gas at unre-
gulated prices if it would be used:
- for LNG production for export supply (2017);
are the steps accompanied by some other chan- - in the supply chain including the liquefaction
ges taken by the RF Government last decade is a process (2018);
vivid evidence of RF natural gas market transfor- - as a raw material for some export chemical
mations. The key focus is to create the same re- products (i.e. methanol) (2018).
gulatory framework and business environment for
Gazprom and IGPs; encourage the market compe- In 2013 “Novatek” and “Rosneft” got the right to
tition and to increase the efficiency of the national export LNG of their own production if they had got
gas industry. the licensed areas before this date. In 2020 the re-
Natural gas pricing and trading mechanisms are source base for LNG export has been expanded.
1
the key criteria for measuring the RF market re- This may mean that the government does not see
form’s progress. a problem in the competition of Russian LNG and
pipeline gas in the markets of Europe and China,
The key focus of the current and intends to encourage competition of Russian
regulatory policy is to create the gas not only in the domestic market, but also in
export supply.
“same legal framework and Due to RF Government authorization of the Yamal
business environment for LNG project and its further successful implemen-
tation, European gas buyers have gained access
Gazprom and the independent to new sources of Russian natural gas. This is a
gas producers very revolutionary event as it created an additional
export channel for Russian gas, which will be un-
doubtedly expanded in the future. In 2023-2025
The key focus of the current regulatory policy is to is another LNG production-related project Arctic
create the same legal framework and business en- LNG-2 will be commissioned and the volume of
vironment for Gazprom and the independent gas Russian LNG exports will increase more than twice.
producers. It is commonly and narrowly understo- Gazprom’s export policy has also undergone si-

46 46 Impiantistica Italiana - Gennaio-Febbraio 2021